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By default, macOS restricts applications from accessing certain hardware—such as the camera, microphone, screen sharing, or hard drive—unless explicit permission is granted. To enable access, users must navigate to the Security & Privacy settings within System Preferences.
If you're using Zoom, you may encounter an error message the first time you attempt to share your screen.

To enable screen sharing, open the System Preferences control panel. This can also be accessed through the Apple menu at the top, left on the desktop screen.

Navigate to the panel for “Security & Privacy”.

Navigate to the “Privacy” tab and scroll down to the “Screen Recording” selection located in the left-hand list. This list is also used to give applications permission to access cameras, microphones, local files, and other devices as necessary.
NOTE: You may need to unlock the panel (click the closed padlock below the list and enter your computer password) to make changes if the selections are greyed out.

Once “Screen Recording is selected, ensure that zoom.us.app is listed and has a checkmark next to it in the right-hand box. You can add Zoom to the list manually by clicking the (+) button below and navigating to the Zoom application on your computer.

If you currently have the Zoom app open, it will prompt you to close it and reopen/rejoin the meeting in order to make these changes.

Once the Zoom application is reopened, screen sharing will be available on the machine.